How severe is CVE-2025-24991?

CVE-2025-24991 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (MEDIUM). EPSS estimates a 2.0% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. It is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

CVE-2025-24991: Windows NTFS Information Disclosure Vulnerability

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities

Microsoft Windows NTFS Out-Of-Bounds Read Vulnerability is confirmed as actively exploited and is listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Added to KEV

2025-03-11

Remediation due

2025-04-01

Required action
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

CISA notes
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24991 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24991

Description

Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Severity

CVSS 3.1 · CNA5.5 MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC · CISA-ADP

Exploitationactive

Automatableno

Technical impactpartial

Exploitation Context

as of October 13, 2026

All KEV statistics→

CISA added CVE-2025-24991 to the KEV catalog on the day its CVE record was published. The median for entries added in 2025 is 26 days.
It is one of 390 Microsoft entries in the CISA KEV catalog, and one of 39 added in 2025.
Its current EPSS score (2.0%) is higher than that of 8% of CISA KEV entries.

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507	10.0.10240.0 to <10.0.10240.20947
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607	10.0.14393.0 to <10.0.14393.7876
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809	10.0.17763.0 to <10.0.17763.7009
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2	10.0.19044.0 to <10.0.19044.5608
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2	10.0.19045.0 to <10.0.19045.5608
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2	10.0.22621.0 to <10.0.22621.5039
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3	10.0.22631.0 to <10.0.22631.5039
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2	10.0.22631.0 to <10.0.22631.5039
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2	10.0.26100.0 to <10.0.26100.3476
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1	6.1.7601.0 to <6.1.7601.27618
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)	6.1.7601.0 to <6.1.7601.27618
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2	6.0.6003.0 to <6.0.6003.23168
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)	6.0.6003.0 to <6.0.6003.23168
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2012	6.2.9200.0 to <6.2.9200.25368
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)	6.2.9200.0 to <6.2.9200.25368
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2	6.3.9600.0 to <6.3.9600.22470
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)	6.3.9600.0 to <6.3.9600.22470
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2016	10.0.14393.0 to <10.0.14393.7876
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)	10.0.14393.0 to <10.0.14393.7876
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2019	10.0.17763.0 to <10.0.17763.7009
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)	10.0.17763.0 to <10.0.17763.7009
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2022	10.0.20348.0 to <10.0.20348.3328
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)	10.0.25398.0 to <10.0.25398.1486
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2025	10.0.26100.0 to <10.0.26100.3476
Microsoft	Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)	10.0.26100.0 to <10.0.26100.3476

References

1 Links

Vendor advisories

Windows NTFS Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Record Details

Published

2025-03-11

Last updated

2026-02-26

Assigner (CNA)

microsoft

Credited to

More from Microsoft

All Microsoft CVEs→

CVE-2025-592879.8 CRITICAL

Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MicrosoftKEVEPSS 100.0%2025-10-14

CVE-2021-345278.8 HIGH

Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MicrosoftKEVEPSS 99.8%2021-07-02

CVE-2024-214128.1 HIGH

Internet Shortcut Files Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

MicrosoftKEVEPSS 99.4%2024-02-13

CVE-2022-301907.8 HIGH

Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MicrosoftKEVEPSS 99.2%2022-06-01

Tool categories

Fuzzing Binary Exploitation

CVE record data © The MITRE Corporation, used under the CVE Terms of Use. Exploited-in-the-wild data from the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (CC0). Exploit prediction scores by FIRST EPSS (first.org/epss). This site is not endorsed or certified by MITRE, NVD, CISA, or FIRST.

CVE-2025-24991